Diatomaceous composition



nan, aw-

106. COMPOSITIONS,

COATING OR PLASTIO.

llXED Wrrrr P RTLA Mb CEMENT WArE TREVOR M. CAVEN, OF BALTIMORE, MARYLAND, ASSIGNOR TO MARYLAND PRODUCTS COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF MARYLAND.

DIATOMACEOUS COMPOSITION.

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, TREVOR M. CAVEN, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Baltimore, Maryland, have invented cer- 5 tain new and useful 'Improvementsin Diatomaceous Compositions, of which the following is a specification.

It is the object of my invention to prov de a composition material for use in making partitions, roofing, for insulating purposes,

or for concrete work which will be light in weight and present a homogeneous structure, and in "which Portland cement and infusorial earth, otherwise known as diatomaceous material, or kieselguhr constitute the ingredients.

In forming the composition I take diatoaceous silica in a dry state an a e ual pars we1 1 I he materlal is then ground in a wet pan,

e. a revolving an in which a grinding wheel rotates wit its periphery having a shearing actlon on the maternal, such as 1s used in the manufacture of stiff mud brick- The material is then transferred to an auger excluding press, such as is commonly termed an anger machine in the brick industry. After coming from the die of the extruding machine the material is cut to size for handling. Then it is put in a brick kiln of ord1- nary form and burned to the requisite temperature to give it suflicient hardness for use in the particular class of work for whlch it is intended. For light mixtures 1t is burned less than for use in heavy mixtures.

After burning it is put through an ordinary rock crusher and reduced. The crushed material is then subjected to the action of screening plates so as to screen the fines or sands from the coarse aggregates,

such as are commonly used in'concrete construction.

The general form partitions, or ceilings,

lows One part b v of mixture, for floors,

would be as fol- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 3, 1919.

The Portland cement and the fine diatomac'eo' us material is mixed in a dr state an en su c1en wa r added t6 give it the consistency eslr 65 The coarse aggregate is then added and the material is then rea y for use as ordinary concrete would be used.

Proportions can be varied according to any concrete practice. I can leave out the coarse aggregate or use the coarse a re ate a one, that 1s, without the line diatomaceous material.

The material weighs about one-eighth of the weight of ordinary concrete, has greater fire resisting and fire retarding qualities, due to the calcined infusorial earth, is a light insulating material and one which is fusible only at. high temperatures.

It provides a composition having greater strength than any hard aggregate ordmarily used would give because of its property of holding the water a longer time than other aggregates which are non-porous, or less porous, the diatomaceous material holding the water a suflicient length of time for the proper setting of the cement, this being due to its porous characteristics.

It is a well known fact that all Portland cements carry a certain percentage; of free lime, and it is for this reason that one of the aggregates in Portland cement concrete as usually made is sand. This is used in order to allow the free lime to aot on the free silica and form ca cium s1 lea Tisi'fig tliel'calcined diatomaceous silica in a fine iraalimeiathe or la slsaement is en filed to act, 11 3 1; a and r ml' a "2551611131;fsi eaat oaiaumsnasa aaays formsac'ertain percentage of the ingred'ients of limestone rock and there is obtained therefore by my process to all intents and purposes, the same chemical reaction as results in the formation of limestone rock and, therefore, the material produced b my invention has the characteristics of imestone rock. It is for this reason that san 1,11 in. the cr e te wit diato maeousttifea aif Portlan cement.

What I claim is 1. The hereindescribed process consisting in grinding diatomaceous material in the presence of water to form a plastic mass, burning said material to the desired degree of hardness, crushing the calcined diatomaceous material and then mixing Portland cement therewith and adding Water to make the composition, substantially as described.

2. The hereindescribed process consisting in grindin diatomaceous material in the presence 0 water to form a plastic mass,

burning said material to the desired degree of hardness, crushing the calcined diatomaceous material, separating the fines from the coarse aggregate, mixin the fines and Portland cement together with Water to the desired consistency and then adding the coarse 15 aggregate, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof, I afiix my signature.

TREVOR M. CAVEN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Iatents, Washington, D. G. 

